The Federal Republic of Brazil is a country located in South America and is defined within a territorial area of 8,510,345.540 km2 (3 285 862,78 sq mi). The country has 5,570 Municipalities in 26 states and a Federal District, which includes the capital Brasília, divided into five major geographical regions: North, Northeast, Center-West, Southeast, and South.
Country Overview | Year | |
---|---|---|
Population | 2021 | 213,993,441 |
Country Area (km2) | 2021 | 8,510,345 |
GDP (Million USD) | 2021 | 1,608,981.22 |
GDP per capita (USD) | 2021 | 8,551.2 |
World Bank Income Group | 2022 | Upper Middle Income |
World Bank Region | 2022 | Latin America and the Caribbean |
Water and Wastewater Sector Structure
According to the Brazilian National Regulation, sanitation services include the provision of 4 service categories: i) Water Supply, ii) Collection and treatment of wastewater, iii) rainwater drainage and, iv) solid waste management. In the Water Supply and Sanitation area, the service is provided by a variety of companies that include public (state and city-owned), and private companies. These utilities are categorized based on the scale of their service provision in Regional, Microregional, and Local service providers. For water supply services the country has 1,354 utilities (8 Microregional, 28 Regional, and 1318 local), and for sanitation, there are currently 3.347 registered service providers (8 microregional, 26 Regional, and 3.313 Local)
Authority | Level | Role |
---|---|---|
Inter-ministerial Committee for Basic Sanitation (CISB) | National | Oversees the implementation of the National Sanitation policy. |
Ministry for Cities (MC) | National | Defines the public policies for the sanitation sector, provides funding for the development of the service provision |
Ministry of Health (MS) | National | Sets standards for water quality on service provision |
National Water and Sanitation Agency – ANA | National | National Water and Sanitation Agency – ANA |
Intrastate Regulatory Agencies | State and Municipal | Directly regulates the service provision, sets water tariffs, oversees the financial and economic performance of the service provision contracts and oversees service quality. |
Water and Sanitation Service Providers | Local, Microregional and Regional | Water and Sanitation Service Provision |
National Health Foundation (FUNASA) | National | Supports the provision of water and sanitation services in cities with less than 50000 inhabitants. |
The regulatory landscape for water and sanitation service provision in Brazil is decentralized and composed of shared responsibilities. Although the central Authority at the national level is the Ministry of Cities (MC) and, the National Water and Sanitation Agency (ANA), most of the regulatory functions rely on state-level agencies. While the National Water and Sanitation Agency is responsible for setting the reference norms for the regulation of service provision, the subnational agencies have to implement the norms, which include: celebrating the contract with the utilities, guiding the expansion of service provision, ensuring the targets and goals set in service provision contracts, defining the water tariffs, among others. Those actions must take place in accordance with the reference norms published by the National Water and Sanitation agency.
The overall regulatory framework for water and sanitation service provision as well as the roles and responsibilities of the regulatory bodies, service providers, and local authorities are included in the Water and Sanitation Act (National Law n. 14.026/2020).
The organizational structure also includes:
Inter-Ministerial Committee for Basic Sanitation (CISB) – Created to ensure coordination on the implementation of the Sanitation policies. It is composed of representatives from the State Department, Ministry of Regional Development, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Economics, Ministry of the Environment, and Ministry of Tourism. The Ministry of Regional Development chairs the committee.
National Council on Water Resources (CNRH) – It is a consultative and deliberative body and the Head of the Water Management Structure of Brazil.
National Information System on Water and Sanitation (SNIS) – The National system provides information on key aspects of service provision performance of water and sanitation service providers.
Mission
To implement and coordinate the shared integrated management of water resources and access to water and basic Sanitation Services.
Water and Wastewater Regulations
Legislations and Policy | Year | Description |
---|---|---|
National Law 14.026 | 2020 | National Basic Sanitation Act: Regulates the provision of Sanitation Services and sets the mandate of the National Water and Sanitation Agency and subnational agencies |
Water Law – 9.433 | 1997 | National Policy on Water Resources and Creation of the National Water Resources Management System |
Presidential Decree 10.430 | 2020 | Creates the Inter-Ministerial Committee for Basic Sanitation |
Presidential Decree 10.588 & Presidential Decree 11.030 | 2020/22 | Regulates the provision of technical and financial support from the Federal Government to the application of the National Basic Sanitation Act. |
Presidential Decree 10.710 | 2021 | Establishes the Methodology to calculate the economic and financial capacity of Utilities and Service Providers. |
Areas of Regulation
Areas | National Water Agency | Sub-national Agencies |
---|---|---|
Tariff calculation | No | Yes |
Tariff approval | No | Yes |
Licensing WSOs | No | Yes |
Business plans approvals | Yes | No |
Performance indicators monitoring | Yes | No |
Economic data collection | Yes | No |
Technical data collection | Yes | Yes |
Coming Soon
Utility | Date | Link |
---|---|---|
SABESP - Companhia de Saneamento Básico do Estado de São Paulo S.A | May 2022 | Tariff |
CAGEPA - Companhia de Água e Esgotos da Paraíba | January 2022 | Tariff |
Companhia de Saneamento Ambiental do Distrito Federal - CAESB | January 2020 | Tariff |
A full list tariffs for utilities in Brazil can be found in the IBNET Tariff Database - Brazil